Greek Rationalism The ancient Greeks pioneered philosophical rationalism, the practice of critically examining thoughts, ideas, and facts while discounting the importance of religious faith or emotionalism. A predecessor of hard science, rationalism underlies much of what we now call "Western Civilization." Rationalism implies that the powers of reason are sufficient to give human beings an understanding of the universe. Anything superstitious or fanatical would be anathema to the rationalist. Although a person can simultaneously believe in God and be a rationalist, in general, rationalism and religion propose conflicting worldviews. In fact, religion and rationalism often coexist peacefully in many parts of the modern world. For example, in religious countries like Italy, Ireland, Israel, and in some parts of the United States, people believe strongly in the tenets of their faith. However, in general religion remains separate from science. Rationalism dominates the worldview of most...

For example, any time a person takes the Eucharist in a Catholic Church, he or she is not acting rationally. The belief that wine and bread are the blood and body of Christ is a religious and an emotional, but not a rational thought. Furthermore, many people act irrationally even when they are not religious. Gambling is inherently irrational, because most gambling odds are outrageous. Similarly, people in romantic relationships often think and act irrationally. Feeling jealous, for instance, is not always rational.
Therefore, the human being is not capable of being entirely rational. While we may employ our "higher" brain functions when thinking about science or when brainstorming ideas, at some…